Air Compressors

Piston compressor with receiver

A reciprocating compressor mounted on an air receiver, for intermittent duties — tyre inflation, small air tools, workshop blow-down. Cheap to buy and deliberately not built to run all day.

Features

  • Duty cycle is the limiting specification: many machines are rated for 50 to 60 % running time per hour and overheat above it.
  • The receiver, not the pump, supplies short peaks, so receiver volume is the figure that decides whether the tool stutters.
  • Two-stage pistons reach 10 bar and above; single-stage machines stop being efficient beyond about 8 bar.
  • Belt-driven cast-iron pumps at low speed last far longer than direct-drive aluminium ones and are worth the difference on daily use.
  • The receiver is a pressure vessel with a drain that has to be opened on a schedule, and corrosion from standing condensate is what ends its life.
  • Pulsation makes a piston machine unsuitable for instrument air without treatment.

Specifications

Figure Typical range Unit Why it matters
Free air delivery 200 - 1 200 l/min The honest output figure, not displacement.
Working pressure 8 - 11 bar Two-stage machines are needed above about 8 bar.
Receiver volume 90 - 500 l Buffers peaks and sets motor start frequency.
Permitted duty cycle 50 - 70 % Exceeding it is the commonest cause of failure.
Motor rating 1.5 - 7.5 kW Sizes the supply and starter.